Details
Targeted by:
HN85 Roger Pearce 'Roger Thorley' (1980 - 1984)
At least spied on:
-
Overview

From 1981 to 1999, 121 Railton Road in Brixton operated as a squatted autonomous centre known as the 121 Centre. The address had previously been squatted, in 1972, by members of the Brixton Black Panthers:

Olive Morris and Liz Turnbull became the first successful squatters of private property in Lambeth when they occupied a flat above a launderette in Railton Road. Successfully fighting off attempts at illegal eviction, they set an example for hundreds of homeless young people in Brixton and the flat remained squatted for many years.

Image
Olive Morris of the Brixton Black Panthers on the roof of 121 Railton Rd
Olive Morris on the roof of 121 Railton Road

The address became a lasting symbol of resistance, later hosting Black community meetings and the Sabaar Bookshop. 

There is a single SDS report dating from 1976 when the Sabaar Bookshop operated from the building.

From 1981, 121 Railton Road became a community hub, housing a bookshop, café, gig space, printing facilities and meeting rooms. 

It hosted activist groups such as Anarchist Black Cross, Brixton Squatters’ Aid, and AnarQuist, and ran regular events including punk gigs, queer nights, women’s cafés and political meetings.

The address was spied on by HN85 Roger Pearce (‘Roger Thorley’) during this time, appearing as a named target in SDS annual reports from 1981.

It also featured in Metropolitan Police and in MI5 analysis of the 1981 Brixton Riots (or uprising) investigating ‘subversive’ and anarchist influences on the riots.

After Lambeth Council obtained a possession order in 1999, the squatters launched a public resistance campaign with protests, publications, and creative actions. 

As eviction loomed, the squatters barricaded the building and hosted a large street party with music, performances, and community activities, drawing more than 500 people. 

Despite 86 days of resistance, the squat was forcibly evicted on 12 August 1999 by bailiffs and armed police.

Image
121 Railton Road 'eviction party, 10 April 1999. The centre was not sucessfully evicted until August that year.
Eviction party at 121 Railton Road in April 1999. It took police and bailiffs until August 1999 to evict the squatters from the centre.

 

Sources: 

Various. Squatting: The Real Story.

Urban75. Brixton: 121 Centre: urban75 remembers one of Brixtons finest squatted community centres. 

 

Reports

Date
Originator
MPS-UCPI
Title
Metropolitan Police Special Branch
UCPI0000009748
Report on a series of educational meetings held by the South London group of Big Flame, including discussion of 'The Working Class, The Unions and Mass Practice', held at 121 Railton Road, Brixton on 27 May 1976
MI5
UCPI0000029199
MI5 Loose Minute and requests for info on anarchist activities in London, in preparation for upcoming meeting with SDS
Metropolitan Police Special Branch
UCPI0000035151
Report assessing political activity in Brixton after the 1981 uprising
MI5
UCPI0000029200
MI5 brief for a meeting with the SDS, wanting info on specific anarchist and anti-nuclear organisations
MI5
UCPI0000035152
MI5 report for the Home Secretary, ‘Subversive Involvement in the Brixton Riots and their Aftermath’ with cover letter from Phillips (Home Office) (report attached)
MI5
UCPI0000028827
MI5 Loose Minute enclosing a brief for upcoming meeting with SDS and asking for info on specific anarchist groups
Metropolitan Police Special Branch
UCPI0000015616
Report on personal and political details of an anarchist active in Proletarian Offensive and at the 121 Bookshop in response to an MI5 request
Metropolitan Police Special Branch
MPS-0728985
SDS Annual Report 1981, inc Home Office letter authorising continuation
MI5
UCPI0000028781
MI5 Minute Sheet enclosing questions for the SDS about targeted groups ahead of their upcoming meeting
MI5
UCPI0000028788
MI5 Minute Sheet enclosing a brief for upcoming meeting with SDS and with requests for information about specific groups
MI5
UCPI0000028807
MI5 Minute Sheet enclosing a brief for upcoming meeting with SDS and asking for various info on specific groups and individuals
Metropolitan Police Special Branch
MPS-0730904
SDS Annual Report 1982, inc Home Office letter authorising continuation
MI5
UCPI0000029193
MI5 note for liaison file reporting meeting between DCI Short, HN45 and MI5 to summarising current SDS officer activities, personnel changes and potential new targets, held at unspecified venue on 24 Feb 83
MI5
UCPI0000029231
MI5 Minute Sheet ahead of meeting with SDS requesting specific info on anarchist groups and activities
MI5
UCPI0000028728
MI5 note for liaison file after meeting with Dave Short to discuss SDS coverage and intelligence esp with 121 Bookshop, SWP, Revolutionary Communist Party and the women's peace movement, held at the SDS office on 6 Dec 1983
Metropolitan Police Special Branch
MPS_0747795
Special Branch Annual Report 1983
Metropolitan Police Special Branch
MPS-0730903
SDS Annual Report 1983, inc Home Office letter authorising continuation
Metropolitan Police Special Branch
MPS-0730902
SDS Annual Report 1984, inc Home Office letter authorising continuation

References

Author(s)
Title
Publisher
Year
Various
Squatting: The real story
Libcom
Urban 75
Brixton: 121 Centre